Apparatus for making pile fabrics



May 20, 1941. c. LUcKHAuP-r APPARATUS FOR MAKING PILE FABRICS :s sheexs-sheet i Filed June 17, 1939 Chri oph r Luekhoupf INVENTOR e NEY May 20, 1941- c. LucKHAuP-r 2,242,864

APPARATUS FOR MAKING PILE FABRICS Filed June 17, 1959 '5 sheets-sheet 2 INVENTOR Chr-A Jfpher Luckhaup May 20, 1941'. c. LUCKHAUPT 2,242,864

` APPARATUS FOR MAKING PILE FABRICS Filed June 17, 1939 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Tilzll.

v un INVENTOR chfisiophef Lu mm Pf HIS ORNEY Patented May 20, 1941 UNITED STATES PATENT oFFllcE APPARATUS Fon. MAKING PILE FABRICS Christopher Luckhaupt, Jamaica, N. Y.

Application June 17, 1939, Serial No. 279,696

Claims.

My present invention relates to pile fabrics, and more particularly to an improved apparatus for making pile fabrics.

In carrying out my invention I utilize a warp of any desired width and of indeterminate length and fold the individual members of the warp into folds of any desired length, such as would be suitable for use on a pile fabric, as a rug or carpet, and while retaining the individual members of the warp in folded condition apply an adhesive in liquid or semi-liquidform to one end of the folds and bring such end into juxtaposition with one face of a base fabric and which base fabric preferably has, on its contacting face, adhesive in liquid form. The adhesive is preferably rubber or any similar yielding, adhesive and resilient material 'which will in its cured state retain its resiliency to such a degree as not to seriously affect the pliability of the resulting pile fabric. After the folded warp threads have been caused to adhere to the surface of the base fabric, and the adhesive suiiiciently set or cured to be in permanent form, the then other ends of the folds are cut or severed to produce on the base fabric a pile whose height is determined by the length of the loops or folds in the warp threads.

I may in practicing my invention utilize as the material from which to make the pile of the resulting fabric, a bat of fibers which may be fed to the point of use directly from a carding machine. Such bat necessarily will be of a width equal to the Width of the desired pile fabric, whether such pile fabric is to be ordinary stair carpet width or the usual rug width, and the folds are made in the bat in the same manner as the folds are made in the individual threads in the warp above referred to.

A feature of my invention is an improved machine for applying bers to a base material to produce a pile fabric.

A feature of my invention is an improved apparatus for making pile fabrics.

I'he present application is a continuation in part of my co-pending application Serial No. 118,201, filed December 30, 1936.

In the accompanying drawings illustrating a machine embodying my present invention:

Figure 1 is a schematic view of my machine and illustrating the various operations forming a pilefabric according to my present invention;

Figure 2 is a sectional elevation taken on the line 2--2 of Fig. 1;

Figure 3 is a sectional elevation taken on the line 3-3 of Fig- 13 Figure 4 is a sectional elevation taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1;

Figure 5 is a sectional end elevation taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 42

Figure 6 is a fragmentary plan view of a small portion of one of the endless conveyor belts showing the steel tape for spacing the bars in position thereon;

Figure 7 is an end elevation of the structure shown in Fig. 6 and showing the mechanism for attaching the steel tape to the endless belt;

Figure 8 is a sectional end elevation through the endless belt, the steel tape, and the means for securing said two elements together;

Figure 9 is a detail of one end of a cross bar and the means for attaching such end in association with the endless belt and steel tape;

Fig. 10 is a view on a relatively enlarged scale of an apparatus similar to but slightly modified from that shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 11 is a side elevation of one cutting roller for shearing the loops of the pile fabric, and

Fig. 12 is a side elevation of the other of the loop cutting rollers.

Referring to the drawings and particularly to Figure 1, there is shown a schematic layout of a machine embodying my invention. In such machine, there is a rectangular framework composed generally of commercial -structural angles and consisting of base members I0, end uprights II, top members I2, and the necessary gussets and struts (not shown) for erecting such members into a rigid hollow framework. Secured to the end uprights I I by rivets I3, and extending along each side of the framework, are the angle members I4 and which constitutes a platform or table on which is mounted the apparatus constituting my improved machine.

Referring specically to Figure 2 in conjunction with Figure 1, it will be noted that the spaced side frame members I4 are drilled to receive bearings I5 which are in alignment with each other, and in such bearings is rotatably mounted a shaft I6. The shaft I6 is positioned relative to the side frame members and is prevented from end play by the collars I'I securedto the shaft I6 by means of pins I8. On one end of the shaft I6 is keyed a gear I9 of any desired diameter and pitch for a. purpose to be hereinafter described. To the other end of the shaft I6 is secured, by keying or in any other desired manner, the worm wheel 20. The worm wheel 20 meshes with and is driven by a worm 2| secured to a shaft 22 rotatably mounted in aligned bearings 23 secured to a bracket 24. Such bracket 24 is in turn secured to the 'prights I I of the fra work. Also secured to the uprights II forming part of the framework is a bracket 25 on which is mounted a prime mover, such as an electric motor 2B, andwhich derives energizing current from any suitable source. n the drive shaft of the motor 28 is secured a pulley 21 which is in Aalignment with a pulley 28' secured to the shaft l aligned bearings, in which is rotatably mounted a shaft 32 which lies parallel to the shaft I5. At the upper end of the uprights 39' are secured frame members 33, and such frame finembers lie parallel to but above the members I2. In the frame members 33 are aligned bearings, in which vis rotatably mounted the shaft 34 which lies directly above and parallel to the shaft 32,'g and, therefore, the shaft I5.

Secured to-the end uprights II to which is secured the bracket 24 are bracket members 35 and in these bracket members are aligned bearings in which is rotatably mounted the shaft 33, such shaft being para11e1 to the shafts ls, a2, and 34. Directly beneath Athe shaft 33 and rotatably mounted in aligned bearings in the frame members I4 is a shaft 31 also parallel to the shafts above mentioned. i

the framework 42 terminates at' a point apploidmately above the shaft I9, and in the framework 42 are the bearings 54. These bearings are'in' augment with each other, and rotatably mount- ,ed therein is a shaft 55, such shaft lying above' and parallel to the shaft IB. Also, the shaft 55- is prevented from axial movement in the bearings 54 by means of the collars 55 secured thereto. as shown in Figure 2. To one end of the shaft 55 is secured a gear 51 equal in pitch and diameter to and meshing with 4the gear I9. Therefore, it will be apparent that the shaft 55 rotates at the same speed but in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the shaft I6.

On each of the shafts I6,32, 34, 36, 31, and 55 are keyed gears 53. These gears are spaced apart from each other, as shown in Figure 2, and each of such gears is provided with a flange 59 for a purpose to be hereinafter described.

Over the gears 53 run endless gear chains or belts 69 and. 9| in a mannerto be described. For example, over the gears 58'on the shafts 55, 32, and `34 runs the endless gear chain or belt Il. Over the gears 53 on the shafts I6,32, 34, 35, and

31 run the chains or belts 5I.

The endless chains or belts 69 and 6I are preferably made of flexible resilient material, such as rubber. Over each of the chains or belts is secured a steel band 52. The steel band 62 is secured to the chain or beltfas the chain or belt 3l, by a plurality of clips 53, as shown in'Figures 6, 7, and 8. The top and inner. surfaces of the endless chains or beltsA 6I and 5I are provided Secured to the frame members I4 are members 43 which extend through theA 'slots49- and 4I'of.

the -uprig-hts 39-and-:39 of the pairs of uprights,

andthe ends ofthe' pins da-'associated with the pair of uprights 3'9 have secured thereto one end of a spring44, the .other end of this spring being secured to' a pin 45,- which in turn is secured to the side frame members, I4. The springs 44 tend to keep the pins 43 in the lower end of the slots and 4 I, and, therefore, tend to keep the frame members 42 in their lowermost position, as viewed in Figure l. f

Each of the frame members 42 is provided with longitudinal slots 45, the slots being arranged in pairs. Pivotally mounted on shaft 45 are links 41, to the upper end of .which is secured the ends of `a shaft 48 which extends through the rearward pair of slots 45. Pivotally mounted on shaft 49l in the frame members I4 are the lower ends of levers 59. 4The levers 50 extend up-s wardly to a point above the frame members 42,

and to the upper ends thereof is secured a shaft.

with transversely extending, equally spaced slots 94. These slots are cfa dimension to `receive a# clip 35 secured, `by* riveting, welding, brazing, or inxany other suitabl v@practicalmanner, tothe endssarltheachpsss their-.extreme outer--ends-.f anupwardly" extending hook?.member .551. steel-hands sz are-geacnfprpvided with arranged, equally'spaced slots 3 8, and which slots.`

chains or belts B Illffbsthe clips 63, arein alignment 'each withj itsf'respective. slot 54'and, therefore, aclip 55 'positioned in va slot Ii 4 'will;

association with the shaft I5, the chains or'belts' 59 and 6I. together with the bars 66, 'formajIw` throat at the point 'III into which may beI fed?,

material to be operated upon.

As the belts '59 and 5I move to the left, viewed in Figure l, the reaches thereof extending from the shafts 55 and I6 to the shaft 32 lie in the same horizontal plane and the .bars 56 assoelated with each of said gear belts interlock or inter-engage with each other so as to have the bars 59 form a platform of a plurality of parallelly arranged bars. As material is fed into the throat 10 in the form -of parallelly arranged warp threads or as a bat of parallelly-arranged fibers, the .bars 55 in moving into the throat and into parallel relationship to each other on the horizontal reach referred to, will cause the warp threads or parallelly arranged fibers to assume a serpentine form, thus filling the spaces between work comprised of the members 42. The end of adjacent bars '56 and looping over the tops and bottoms thereof.

Any suitable source of supply of warp threads or parallelly arranged fibers can be provided for,

and I have shown on the bracket 85 notches Il in which is rotatably mounted a shaft 12 carrying a roll -18 ofl either warp threads or ilbers of indeterminate length. The warp threads or fibers, it should be understood, extend across a width equal to the length of the bars 55 or across a width equal to the width of the material it is desired to produce.

The fibrous material 13 is led downwardly from the roll and between the rolls 80 and 8|, see Figs. 4 and 5, under the tension bar 82 through the slot formed by the spaced bars 83 carried by the vibratory members 84 and thence into the throat into association with the series of interlocking bars 55.

The details of the tension mechanism including the members 80 to 84 inclusive will be hereinafter described in detail at the proper time.

As the fibrous material 13 is put into position between adjacent bars of the gear belts 50 and 5|, the bottom loops thereof are exposed on the underneath face of the platform formed by the cooperating bars 65 and are conditioned by having a suitable adhesive applied thereto.

In order to insure a proper positioning of the warp threads or parallel bers of a bat of material with respect to the interlocking bars of the two series of bars 58, the operator, by means of the cross bar 5|, swings the levers 50 on their pivot shaft 49 to the left, as shown in Fig. 1, thereby causing the shafts 48 and 52 to move along the slots 45 and lift the frame members 42 upwardly carrying the shaft 55 therewith and making an elongated throat or passage throat or passage through which the operator Will draw the warp threads or parallel fibers. When the Warp threads or parallel fibers have been properly positioned, the operator by swinging the levers 50 to the right about their pivots brings the same into the position shown in Fig. 1.

As will be apparent, the warp threads or parallel fibers will be formed into a plurality of parallelly arranged portions with loops at the top and bottom thereof and it is necessary and desirable to condition the lower loops of the bers that are to be attached to the base fabric. Accordingly, I have arranged an adhesive applying device comprising a tank 85 containing a suitable and preferably liquid adhesive and associated with said tank are the feeding and adhesive applying rolls 85 and 81, respectively. 'I'he adhesive, therefore, is applied to the lower loops of the warp threads as the same are fed on the reach extending from the shaft 52 to the shaft 32.

It will be noted that the reaches of the endless chains or belts 60 and 6| from the gears 58 to the pulleys on shaft 32 are unsupported and in order to support the same in operative relation to each other I have provided a supporting member. Such supporting member comprises a framework 88a which in conjunction with the frame members I4 support idler rollers 88 arranged in sets of four, one set for each of the endless chain or belt members 80 and 8|, and over each set runs an idler belt 88, the upper reach of which supports the reaches of the chains or belts 60 and 6| together with the bars 86.

The interlocking bars 55 on the pairs of chains or belts 60 and 6| pass under the rollers carried by the shaft 32 and then move upwardly until such time as they pass over the rollersmounted on the shaft 34. As the interlocked bars 55 pass from the horizontal path into a substantially vertical path, they have associated therewith a base fabric which is also to be properly conditioned.

The base fabric comes in the form o'f a roll 8| of indeterminate length and such roll is mounted on shaft 82 carried by the bracket arms 83, secured tothe uprightsl The base fabric f passes over an adhesive applying roll 84 which is f associated with an adhesive feeding roll 85 dipping into a liquid adhesive carried in a tank 85 which is mounted on the frame members |4.

To properly condition the adhesive which has been applied to the base fabric, I provide a plurality of conditioning rolls 81 which may be heated in any suitable manner and which rolls are mounted in a frame 88 vertically movable between specified limits by means of a lever 88 and the proper linkage |00`.

As a further precaution, I apply a second application of adhesive by means of an applying roll |0| which has adhesive fed thereto by a roll |02 mounted in a tank |03 carrying a suitable adhesive. The base fabric passes between the adhesive applying roll and a weighted roll |04 which brings the adhesively'coated face of the base fabric into close association with the adhesively conditioned loops of the warp threads or parallel fibers carried by the two series of interlocking bars 58. v

The base fabric, 80, which is now attached to the loops of the warp threads or parallel fibers; is passed through a conditioning device comprised of a plurality of heat rollers. The device consists actually of two sets of heated rollers. One set has the heated rollers |05 arranged in parallel relation being carried by a frame member |06 xedly secured to bracket members |01, secured to the upright frame members 30. The second set of heat rollers |08 is arranged in parallel relation on frame members |08 movable toward and from the set of rollers |05 under spring tension in the following manner. The outer ends of the bracket members |01 are slotted as at ||0 and through the slots extend pins which are secured to the frame members |88. Springs ||2 having one end secured to the pins and the other end to any convenient portion of the bracket members |01 continually exert yielding force on the conditioning rollers |08 which urges the rolls toward the rollers |05.

After the base fabric 80 and attached warp threads or parallel fibers pass upward beyond the conditioning rolls |05 and |08 and before they pass over the rolls carried by the shaft 34 the operation is performed by the cutting means illustrated in detail in Figs. 11 and l2, and as indicated in Fig. 1. There are two sets of rolls, one mounted on the shaft ||`3, and the other on the shaft ||4. The shafts are rotatably mounted in suitable members mounted on the topmost side frame members |2 and are arranged parallel to each other. The cutting devices mounted on the shafts |3 and 4 comprise spaced cylindrical pressure rolls ||5, ||6, and H8, as mounted on the shaft ||3 and similar members similarly indicated as mounted on the shaft I4. Between adjacent cylindrical rolls |'|5 and IIS, ||5 and ||1, ||1 and ||8 are arranged the plurality of cutting blades ||8 which dene cylinders of a diameter equal substantially to the diameter of the cylindrical rolls referred to.

The rolls above -described are arranged in the machine in the approximate position shown in Figs. ll-and 12 where it will be noted that the cutting blades ||8 on the shaft ||3 will cut or shear uppermost loops of the warp threads or those loops remote from the loops adhesively applied to the base fabric so in a plurality of parallel` bands. l not only to the blades ||8, but to the aligned 'I'he parallel bands correspond cylindrical members ||8, ||1 and ||5 on the i shaft ||4-. As the material passes .upwardpast the shaft ||`4 that portion of the loops of the e warp threads or/parallelly arranged fibers which were not removed by the flrst set of cutters ||9 yare now removed by the sets of cutters on the shaft |I4. j e The cutting of the loops above referred to makes it possible .to lwithdraw the parallelly arranged bars 66 from the warp threads or para! lelly arranged fibers, and in order to support the now completed pile fabric consisting of the base fabric 90 with the loops of warp threads adhesively connected thereto the same is led over a roller mounted on a shaft 2| and thence downwardly under a roller |22 through a clean- 1 ing device |23 and ls thence formed into a roll d|24. belts 60 and 6| carrying the spaced bars 66 are The series of parallellyarranged pairs of passed downwardly over the appropriate rolls to l be again brought into position to repeat the se` quence of operations above referred to. Referring again to Fig. 1, and to Figs. 4 and 5 there is shown the tensioning device hereinbefore referred to. As before lstated the warp threads or parallelly arranged fibers 13 pass bea laterally extending stub shaft |25. The stub l shafts, each of them, engage in an eccentrically I positioned perforation in a bearing member |28 rotatably mounted in a hub |29 secured to and rotatable with a shaft |30, mounted in suitable 1 members on'the frame members |'4. Secured to the shaft |30 is a pulley |3| in alignment with a pulley |32, secured to the shaft 55, and over these aligned pulleys runs a belt |33.

As the shaft 55 rotates a rotary movement will be'imparted to the shaft |30 by the. belt |33 and the rotation thereof will cause a. reciprocatory motion to be imparted to the end', plates 84, thus causing a reciprocatory motion to be.

imparted to the bars 83 and which has the effectA of producing a wave motion in that part of the Warp threads or parallelly arranged fibers 13 in the space between the bars 83 in the throat 10.

On the shaft |34 of the roller 80 is arranged a clutch member |35. This clutch' member is fixedly secured to the shaft |34 and has cooperating therewith a complementary clutch member |36. Forming part of the complementary clutch member |36 is a pulley |31. The complementary clutch member |36 is recessed at |38 to form. a housing for a compression spring |38 and, asv the complementary clutch member' |36 is loose on the shaft |34, such spring |39 tends to move4 such clutch member to the left, as shown in` Fig. 4 and bring vthe clutch members |35 and |36 out of engagement with each other. j

Loosely mounted on the shaft |34 is a cam member |40 which has its cam face in operative engagement with a cam rider |4|, secured to a plate |42, attached to the frame member |4. The cam member |40 is fixed to the pulley |31 which latter is a fixed part of the complementary clutch member |36. Extending outwardly 'andassi from the cam member |40 is an arm |43, the outer end of which is pivotally attached to al connecting rod |44. The other end of the connectlng rod |44 is connected to a crank arm |45 pivotally mounted in a bearing member |46 on a shaft |41. Secured to the shaft |41 and, Ntherefore, to the crank arm is a balance lever |48 on one end of which is adjustably mounted a balance weight |49 and to the other end of which is secured a depending member |50. At. the lower end o'f the depending mem-z ber is the bar 82 above referred to. It should nbe understood, of course, that the bar 82 extends across the entire width of the machine so as to have the same engage with all of the warp threads or parallelly arranged bers 13.

As the warp threads 13 are being fed to the machine they are given a vibratory or wave motion by the bar 82 and such motion is prevented from being transmitted backward by the bar 82 which also places the necessary tension on the fibers. If the machine is taking the fibers faster than the same are being fed thereto, the bar 82 is moved upwardly thereby causing a rotary movement of the cam |40 which moves the complementary clutch member |38 into association with the clutch member |35. It should be noted that the pulley |31 forming an integral portion of the clutch member |36 yis in alignment with a pulley |5| on the shaft 55 and that a belt |52 runs over the pulleys |5| and |31 thereby imparting a rotary movement to the complementary clutch member |36. Therefore, when the clutch members |36 and ,|35 are moved into engagement with each other a rotary movement bearing a definite relation to the speed of rotation of the shaft is imparted tothe rolls 80, 8|, and, therefore, the fibers 13 are fedinto the machine as rapidly as the machine will take the same. On the contrary, if the machine is not -able to properly operate upon the nbers 13 as fast as the fibers are fed thereto, the bar 82 will move downwardly thereby through the instrumentalities above noted impartingv a rotary movement to the cam |40 in a direction opposite to that above noted, whereupon the clutch members |35 and |36 will move out of engagement with eachother and rotary movement of the roll 80 will cease until the slack in the material thus far fed has been taken up.A

As a modification of my improved machine, I may adopt the arrangement illustrated in Fig. 10 wherein the completed pile fabric is removed from engagement with the cross bars 66 by a .l differentvarrangement than that shown in Fig.

. 1. Referring to'such Fig. 10, there ,is substituted in place of the shaft 34 of Fig. 1, a gear pulley mounted on the shaft |54, over which runs the endless chain or belt 60. Located above such shaft |54 is a second shaft |55 carrying a pulley over which runs the endless chain or belt 6|. Intermediate the shafts |55 and |54 and on the other side of the completed pile fabric is arranged the shaft |2| carrying the pulley |20 and over which the pile fabric moves as in the case of the structure shown in Fig. 4.

In the arrangement shown in Fig. 10, the pile. fabric has. just been completed, and while still in engagement with the cross bars 66 of both the endless chains-or belts 60 and 6|, moves to the point at which is located the shaft |54 and v its associated rollers. At this point, which is above the cutting members shown in Figs. l1 and `12, theendless chains or belts 60 and associated bars 66 are removed from the pile fabric and also from the bars O8 associated with the *endless chains or belts ll. At a point above the shaft I 54 the completed pile fabric is led over the pulley |20 and thus separated from the bars 66 carried by the endless chains or belts 6l, which chains or belts pass over the pulley.

associated with the shaft |55 to be moved again into operative association with the bars I8 on the endless chains or belts 60. By this arrangement any possible strain on the bars 6l or on the completed pile fabric is reduced to a minimum.

Whereas I have described my invention by reference to specic forms thereof, it will be understood that many changes and modications may be made without departing from the spirit ofthe invention.

I claim: y

1. In an improved apparatus for manufacturing pile fabric, the combination of a source of Ysupply of warp threads, two pairs of endless chain belts, two series of bars, each series including a plurality of parallelly arranged bars secured at their ends to a pair of the endless chain belts, driving means-for moving the series of bars in unison and for maintaining the bars in parallel relation and for driving the same at any desired speed as a unit in a direction transverse to the length of the bars, said driving means being so arranged as to constrain the two series of bars to inter-engage with each other throughout any desired length of the series and in any desired rectilinear path, said driving means causing the two series of bars to form, as they inter-engage with each other in a desired rectilinear path, a throat into which the warp threads from the source of supply are fed into engagement with the bars and to form said warp threads into a sinuous path, and whereby the loops of the sinuously formed warp threads are arranged alternately on opposite faces of the inter-engaging parallel bars, means for applying a web of backing material to the loops of the warp threads on one of such faces, and means for severing the loops of the warped threads on the face of the parallelly arranged bars furthest from the backing material and separating the warped threads attached'to the backing material from the inter-engaging bars.

2. In an improved apparatus for manufacturing pile fabric, the combination of a source of supply of warp threads, two pairs of endless chain belts, two series of bars, each series including a plurality of parallelly arranged bars secured at their ends to a pair of the endless chain belts, driving means for moving the series of bars in unison and for maintaining the bars in parallel relation and for driving the same at any desired speed as a unit in a direction transverse to the length of the bars, said driving means being so arranged as to constrain the two series of bars to inter-engage with each other throughout any desired length of the series and in any desired rectilinear path, said driving means causing the two series of bars to form, as they inter-engage with each other in a desired rectilinear path, a throat into which the warp threads from the source of supply are fed into engagement with the bars and to form said warp threads into a sinuous path, and whereby the loops of the sinuously formed Warp threads are arranged alternately on opposite faces of the inter-engaging parallel bars, means for applying adhesive to the loops of the warp threads on one adhesive to bring such adhesive into condition to have a backing material applied thereto. a source oi supply of backingmaterial, and means for attaching said backing material to the conditioned loops while maintaining the bars in inter-engaging relation, and means for severing "the loops of the warped threads on the face of the parallelly arranged bars furthest from the backing material and separating the warped threads attached to the backing material from the inter-engaging bars. l

3. In an improved apparatus for manufacturing pile fabric. the combination of a source of supply of warp threads. two pairs of endless chain belts, two series of bars, each series including a plurality of parallelly arranged bars secured at their ends to a pair of the endless chain belts, driving means for moving the series of bars in unison and for maintaining the bars in parallel relation and for driving the same at any desired speed as a unit in a direction transverse to the length of the bars, said driving means being so arranged as to constrain the two series of bars to inter-engage with each other throughout any desired length of the series and in any desired rectilinear path, said driving means causing the two series of bars to intermesh as they inter-engage with each other lin a desired rectilinear path, means including a set of mutually parallel rotary elements for leading said endless chains into paths converging toward one another to form a throat into which the warp threads from the source of supply are fed into engagement with the bars and to form said warp threads into a sinuous path, and whereby the loops of the sinuously formed warp threads are arranged alternately on opposite faces of the inter-engaging parallel bars, means for applying adhesive to the loops of the warp threads on one face of the inter-engaging bars and treating the adhesive to bring such adhesive into condition to have a backing material applied thereto, a source of supply of backing material, and means for attaching said backing material to the conditioned loops while maintaining the bars in intel'- engaging relation, means for treating the sinuously formed warp threads and backing material to permanently attach the backing material to the warp threads, and means for severing the loops of the warped threads on the face of the parallelly arranged bars furthest from the backing material and separating the warped threads attached to the backing material from the interengaging bars.

4. In an improved apparatus for manufacturing pile fabric, the combination of a source oi.

supply of warp threads, two pairs of endless face of the inter-engaging bars and treating the chain belts, two series of bars, each series including a plurality of parallelly arranged bars secured at their ends to a pair of the endless chain belts, driving means for moving the series o1' bars in unison and for maintaining the bars in parallel relation and for driving the same at any desired speed as a unit in a direction transverse to the length of the bars, said driving means being so arranged as to constrain the two series of bars to inter-engage with each other throughout any desired length of the series and in any desired rectilinear path, said driving means causing the two series of bars to intermesh as they inter-engage with each other in a desired rectilinear path, means including a set of mutually parallel rotary elements for leading said endless chains into paths converging toward one another to form a throat into which the warp threads from the source of supply are fed mi engagement with the bars iid to form said warp threads into 'a sinuous path. and whereby the loops o! the sinuously formed warp threads adhesive to the loops of the warp threads on one face of the interhars and treating the adhesiveto brins such'adhesive into condition to have a backing material applied thereto,/a source of supply of backing material, and means for attaching said backing material to the conditioned loops while maintaining the bars in interrelation, means for treating the sinuously formed warp threads and backing material to permanently attach the backing material to the warp threads, means for displacing-the bars of one pair of said endless chain belts relative to the bars of the other pair of endless chain belts for control of the positioning o! the warp threads thereon in'advance of the stage of attachment oi. the warp threads to the backing material, means for severing thel loops of the' warp threads on the opposite face of the parallelly arranged Vbars and separating the warp threads attached to the backing material from the inter-61183811!! bars.

5. In an improved apparatus for manufactur-l ing pile -fabric, the combination of a source of supply of warp threads, two series of bars, pairs of endless carrier chains arranged parallel to and l separated from each other, each series o! parallelly arranged bars secured at -their ends to a pair ofthe endless carrier chains, driving members for driving the endless carrier chains and for moving the same in unison in a direction transverse to the length ot the bars and at any desired speed,y said driving means being so arranged as to constrain the'two pairs of bars to inter-engage with each other' throughout any dei sired length oi.'- the series in any desired rectilinear pathor paths and to form,'as the two series o! bars inter-engage with each other, a. throat into whichthe warp threads from the source of supply are iedinto engagement with` the bars and to thereby be formed into a sinuous form having loops arranged alternately on opposite faces o1' the inter-engaging parallel bars,4 and means for adhesively applying a web of backing material to the loops on one face of the inter-engaged bars traveling in a rectilinear` path, and means for severing the loops of the warped threads on the face of the parallelly arranged bars furthest from the backing material and separating the warped threads attached to the backing. material from the inter-engaging bars.

CHRISTOPHER LUCKHAUPT. 

